基于背景模型的车辆目标检测

为了实现对交通车辆快速准确地统计,文中提出一种自适应权值的背景更新方法以适应道路环境的复杂变化.首先在多个通道建立单高斯背景统计模型,然后利用场景中像素的概率分布实现对运动区域的准确检测,最后根据检测结果实现对交通流量的统计.实验结果表明:该方法能够对运动车辆进行快速准确地检测和统计,并对场景的光照变化等影响具有较高的鲁棒性.     

Aging Behavior of Mg-Y-Zr and Mg-Nd-Zr Cast Alloys

Aging behavior of Mg-3.6Y-0.5Zr and Mg-2.TNd-0.5Zr alloys was investigated by microhardness measurement and transmission electron microscopy.In the case of Mg-Y-Zr alloy,the presence ofβ″phase,a major strength- ener,having base centered orthorhombic structure with its lattice constants of a-（β″）=0.64 nm,b-（β″）=2.22 nm, and c-（β″）=0.52 nm was identified.In the case of Mg-Nd-Zr alloy aged at 250℃,the presence ofβ″andβ′phases was identified.The crystal structure ofβ″phase was found to be DO-（19） and its orientation relationships with Mg matrix were [0001]-（β″）//[0001]-（Mg） and [01（？）0]-（β″）//[01（？）0]-（Mg）.Theβ′phase had face centered cubic structure and its orientation relationships with Mg matrix were [011]-（β′）//[0001]-（Mg） and [（？）1（？）]β′//[（？）110]）-（Mg）. The Mg-2.TNd-0.5Zr alloy showed higher hardness compared with Mg-3.6Y-0.5Zr alloy.     

Fabrication of curved micro structures on photoresist layer

A novel fabrication process for micro patterns with curvature was introduced. The curved structures were made by compensating rectangular micro structures with liquid photoresist layer. Because of the surface tension of the liquid in micro scale, various shapes of meniscus can be made on the micro channels. The micro channels were made on the silicon substrate in advance, and then the liquid layer was coated on the micro channels. From the nature of liquid behavior, the curved patterns with smooth surface are obtained, which cannot be made easily with the conventional mechanical machining, as well as with the microfabrication processes, such as wet and dry etching. With this principle, it is expected that the smooth and curved surfaces can be made by simple processes and the results can be applied widely, such as optical patterns.     

Protective effect of bioactive ceramics on liver injury: regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokins expression

Aim of study A bioactive ceramics has been reported to regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophage cells activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). In present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of bioactive ceramics using liver injury model in mouse. Materials and Methods Mice were divided into three groups: Normal group, LPS group (LPS and no ceramics treatment), Ceramics group (LPS and ceramics treatment). Results LPS administration induced the increase of plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in mouse. The losses of cytoplasm of hepatocytes due to LPS caused the increase of AST and ALT in mouse plasma. In Ceramics group, however, the concentration of AST and ALT were much lower than LPS group until 6 weeks. And the losses of cytoplasm were rarely seen in Ceramics group. RT-PCR results showed that the decrease of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6 was observed in Ceramics group. Moreover, TGF-β1 and VEGF expression was increased in Ceramics group. Conclusion Bioactive ceramics effectively protected endotoxin-induced liver injury by attenuation of inflammatory processes in mice.     

Detection of Singlet Oxygen Generation by Chlorophyll using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to detect the photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen (¹O₂) by chlorophyll b. Illumination of a chlorophyll b solution containing a spin trap (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone, TMPD) yielded pronounced EPR signals for TAN (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-N-oxyl) suggesting the presence of ¹O₂. N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylene diamine (TMEDA, a ¹O₂quencher) and a combination of TMEDA with a free radical scavenger (butylated hydroxyanisole, BHA) completely eliminated the TAN signal. BHA alone did not exert this inhibitory effect.     

Photosensitized Lipid Peroxidation in Ground Pork and Turkey

The initiative role of singlet oxygen (¹O₂) in hydroperoxide production in ground pork and turkey was studied. Ground meats treated with or without various antioxidants and illumination (350 ft-c, 4°C) were monitored for lipid peroxidation by peroxide value (POV). Ground turkey breast meat developed higher (P < 0.01) POV during illumination than did thigh meat. In both pork and turkey, light exposure resulted in higher (P < 0.01) POV than samples kept in the dark. The prooxidant effect of light was reduced (P < 0.01) by a ¹O₂ quencher (2,2,6,6-tetramethy1-4-piperidone) in turkey meat, and by another ¹O₂ quencher (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylene diamine, TMEDA), a free radical scavenger (butylated hydroxyanisole, BHA) and TMEDA + BHA in pork.     

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of the Effectiveness of Myoglobin and Its Derivatives as Photosensitizers in Singlet Oxygen Generation

The effectiveness of myoglobin and its derivatives as photosensitizers in singlet oxygen (¹O₂) generation was determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy using a spin trapping technique. A stable nitroxide radical adduct, 2,2,6,6,-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-N-oxyl (TAN), was formed and detected by EPR. Native myoglobin and apomyoglobin exhibited no photosensitizing function, whereas hematin appeared to be a weak sensitizer. Protoporphyrin IX ring showed strong photosensitizing activity. A ¹O₂ quencher, N,N N′N′-tetramethylethylene diamine (TMEDA) and the combination of TMEDA and a free radical scavenger, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) drastically reduced the EPR signal of TAN when protoporphyrin IX solution was illuminated indicating that ¹O₂ was produced using protoporphyrin IX ring as a sensitizer.     

光纤复合相线的架设和接续

光纤复合相线(OPPC)的架设基本上同OPGW类似,也是依据IEEE Std 1138-1994、IEEEStd 524-1992等电力部门架空线安装安全管理规程和操作技术,但OPPC的接续涉及到光纤接续和光电分离技术,对接续的技术、高压绝缘有严格要求。文章简单介绍了OPPC的结构、主要技术参数、架设和预绞丝电力金具的配置,重点介绍了OPPC独特的接头盒和接续技术。     

A backstepping-based control algorithm for multi-span roll-to-roll web system

Multi-layer printing technology is used wisely in printed electronics industry. The small variation of web tension will reduce the quality of production. Thus, web velocity and tension control algorithm play an important role in improving the quality of product in roll-to-roll manufacturing technology. Most algorithms of linearized systems proposed in recent years use PI or PID controllers. Due to the increasing demand of high accuracy in printed electronics industry at micrometer-level, it is necessary to have a precise control scheme of web velocity and tension in the presence of disturbance. In this paper, a mathematical model of modified strict form model is proposed, and a systematic design method of backstepping controller is formulating for this model by using the backstepping based design. By using the proposed theory, a precise control algorithm is proposed for three-span roll-to-roll web control system. The design parameters are chosen optimally by using the modified genetic algorithm. The outcomes of proposed algorithm prove the reliability throughout simulation results in Matlab/Simulink and experimental results.     

Fuzzy decoupling to reduce propagation of tension disturbances in roll-to-roll system

Control of web tension is crucial for maintaining quality of products processed on roll-to-roll (R2R) system. An R2R system can be divided into different tension spans which interact with each other. But converting industries tend to neglect these interactions and use decentralized single-input–single-output (SISO) control approaches to deal with tension control. Multi-input–multi-output approaches have been reported in literatures but are practically not in use. Interaction between the various tension spans is unavoidable as they are all connected by a single web. Disturbances produced in a span tend to travel further downstream along the direction of web travel. When the number of spans is less or the disturbance amplitudes are small, this does not present a big challenge and simple SISO control is sufficient. But when the amplitudes of disturbances produced in processing is large—as is the case with printed electronics—or the number of spans is large or both, then the interactions cannot be neglected. R2R-based offset printers have the potential for mass production of precision-printed electronics. In this paper, a fuzzy logic-based hybrid approach has been followed that specifically targets the printed electronics industry and this method considerably reduces the interactions. The algorithm has been designed such that it takes information from previous span to reduce the propagation of tension disturbances to the given span. This has been achieved through online computation of correlation coefficient and reducing the interaction through fuzzy feedback control.